Dry skin is a huge inconvenience, no matter the causes behind it and regardless of the extent of the affliction. While this ailment rears its heads in different areas of an individual’s bodies, can be affected by environmental factors, and may respond differently to alternate treatments, it’s undoubtedly something that everyone wants to get rid of – and fast! – when it becomes an issue.

Keep reading to learn about why dry skin occurs, what can trigger it, how to treat it, and how to deal with the other ailments that are known to accompany it.

Why Does Dry Skin Occur?

Before we get into the factors that cause dry skin, let’s talk about the science behind it. Our skin is a water-containing barrier that protects us from the elements, although the amount of moisture held in each individual’s skin varies. This can be different from person-to-person depending on gender, age, and even by body part.

As you probably know, our skin is porous, which allows moisture to exit the skin through evaporation. Conditions or actions that accelerate this water loss process, which we’ll delve into below, results in dry, flaky, itchy, and even unsightly skin.

Dry skin can be caused by a range of factors. Some of them are environmental and hard to avoid, while other causes can be easily mitigated.

Cold weather

Have you ever noticed that winter is almost always accompanied by dry and itchy skin? It’s not a coincidence! Because the humidity level tends to drop during the cold winter months, it hastens the speed of evaporation of the moisture in your skin. Skin loses over 25% of its ability to hold moisture in the winter, and this number only increases if you live in a particularly windy area or if you enjoy winter outdoor sports.

Indoor heating

Indoor heating is another issue that comes up in the winter that contributes to dry skin. Being exposed to indoor heating dries out your skin as well as your mucous membranes, which leads to chapped lips and dry noses, too.

Dehydration

While the past two contributing factors to this condition are environmental, this is something you can more easily control! Even if you don’t feel thirsty, your skin is losing water. Since our bodies are 70 percent water, we need adequate hydration to feel good and for our skin to stay hydrated, supple, and healthy.

Long showers or baths

This dry skin culprit may seem counterintuitive, as taking a long soak in the bath would be thought to add moisture to skin, right? Unfortunately, this does just the opposite. Hot water and soaking strips your skin of protective oils, leaving you feeling scaly and dry.

Treating dry skin conditions

Dry skin can occur with different levels of severity. While some may simply acquire dry skin patches that can be easily resolved, others may have a condition that evolves into eczema in its various forms. In this section of our comprehensive guide, we’re talking about treating dry skin conditions at every level!

Treating Mild to Moderate Dry Skin

If you’re facing dry skin, it’ll be obvious. Your largest working organ will appear to be rough and scaly–typically in patches–and these areas will be itchy and flaky. While this ailment is totally annoying, it can be treated relatively easily at home with a bit of effort and diligence!

The most obvious, and perhaps the easiest, way to ward off dry skin is to moisturize regularly, particularly when your skin is still damp from a shower. This is because your skin will be plump with moisture, and lotion will act to lock in that moisture before it evaporates.

One remedy is to practice a so-called “overnight cure”. Soak in a bath of lukewarm water until your fingers are pruny. Pat until you’re semi-dry when you emerge from the bath and  apply a layer of oil – even one as simple as something found in your pantry, like Crisco shortening. Put on an old pair of pajamas (and ensure you have old sheets on your bed) and go to sleep, letting your skin drink in the moisture of the oil and wake up feel soft all over!

Another remedy for mild to moderate dry skin is to use supplements. Fish and flaxseed oils contain essential fatty acids (EFAs), which are known to keep your skin hydrated. Supplement your diet with fish and flaxseed oil, especially in the winter months that exasperate dry skin, to ward off this irritation.

Eczema: Symptoms and Treatments

As mentioned, more severe forms of dry skin manifest themselves in conditions like eczema. But what are the differentiating symptoms of this condition and how is this ailment treated? Find out below.

Eczema is a common condition as over 30 million Americans struggle with it, according to the National Eczema Association. Eczema symptoms differ from one person to the next, but typically this condition is very itchy, sometimes the irritation results in red and inflamed skin or even bleeding. Dark colored patches of skin, rough, leathery scaly patches of skins, swelling, and oozing or crusting are all eczema symptoms. However, remember that all of these symptoms don’t need to be present for dry skin to be classified as eczema. In fact, eczema symptoms tend to come and go and cause those afflicted with the condition to experience “flare ups” depending on environment and other triggers.

Eczema is not curable, but it can be managed with regular treatment. While more severe cases may require medications prescribed by a doctor, over-the-counter medicines may be helpful for other cases. Alternatively, the best ways to keep eczema at bay are to know what may trigger your eczema specifically and avoid those triggers and implementing a regular bathing and moisturizing routine.

Dry Skin Irritants

Regardless of the severity of dry skin that you experience, this ailment may be accompanied by a range of irritants that exasperate it. To complete this guide, we’re delving into those below so you know how to cure or avoid these tricky situations as you navigate the waters of dry skin.

Razor Burn

Razor burn is irritating no matter what the overall condition of your skin may be, but it’s especially hard to deal with when your skin is already dry, flaky, and itchy. This is because razor burn makes skin even more irritated and itchy. For that reason, you’ll want to avoid this annoyance at all costs, even more so when your skin is dry.

To do so, always save shaving for the last step of your shower, as it ensures that your hair follicles are softened. Also, exfoliate your skin thoroughly before you shave to allow for a closer shave without being too harsh on your skin. Moisturize with an over-the-counter product shaved skin right when you get out of the shower to cut down on the chances of razor burn.

Acne

Acne is another skin irritant that is tough to deal with on top of already dry skin. Having the two ailments together can be dumbfounding, as excess oil is what’s said to cause acne, yet dry skin feels completely devoid of all moisture, including oil. So what gives? Excessively dry skin may cause your skin to over-produce oil to compensate for what it’s missing, thus clogging pores and leading to pesky and unsightly breakouts.

Since these ailments can coexist, you have to find a balance between treating dry and delicate skin and treating breakouts. First, find products with the right ingredients. Moisturizers with help control blackheads while zinc keeps your skin balanced and works against the possibility of an over-production of oil.

Understanding dry skin, its treatments, and the different levels of severity that accompany the ailment is the first step to ridding yourself of it for good. Remember that practicing normal moisturizing routines and avoiding environmental factors that contribute to these conditions is key. Allow this guide to be a helpful reference in your journey to soft, touchable, and comfortable skin all year round!

Who doesn’t want to wake up every day with beautiful skin?

Unfortunately, it’s never as simple as getting a good night’s sleep (though that can do wonders!). For beautiful, healthy skin you need a skin care routine that works for your skin type and with your lifestyle.

The ideal skincare routine isn’t always straightforward. Not only does it depend on your skin tone and type, but it should also include different components. For instance, a morning routine will differ from that of an evening routine, and there are tips and tricks to follow throughout the day to keep your eternal glow.

Keep reading to find out how to build the perfect skincare routine throughout every part of the day regardless of your what skin challenges may be slowing you down.

Your Morning Skin Care Routine

It can be tempting to skip the skin care routine in the morning, as you hit snooze on your alarm (perhaps repeatedly!) and yearn to stay in bed for just those five extra minutes. However,  a glowing complexion starts in the morning, so putting in a few moments of effort before you start your day is sure to pay off.

#1. Exercise

Perhaps this wasn’t the first step you were expecting, but taking the time to workout in the morning does wonders for your skin. This is because it promotes healthy circulation, increasing blood flow and simultaneously reducing stress. A short but intense cardio workout is a great way to achieve these results.

#2. Cleanse

After your workout, or even if you skip the gym, it’s vital to wash your face in the morning. This step gets rid of any nighttime bacteria that collected on your face as you snoozed and rids your face of any dirt or makeup residue that may be lurking. A gentle, oil-based cleanser will do the job well. Rinse your face with lukewarm water to avoid over drying skin and pat your face dry with a clean towel.

#3. Exfoliate

Exfoliation is an important step of a morning skincare routine, and it can be done with a simple cotton washcloth. Run your washcloth (or an exfoliation brush) under lukewarm water and wring it out so that it is just damp. Rub the washcloth in a circular motion around your face to rid your face of dead skin cells. As a bonus, this action also gets rid of any facial swelling that you may have woken up with!

#4. Toner

Especially for naturally oil or acne-prone skin, this step is a must-do! Toner helps to balance your skin and stop it from over producing oils. Choose a toner with an alcohol-free formula to avoid over-drying. Apply toner to a cotton ball and swipe it gently around your face to apply the toner effectively.

#5. Brightening Serum

Brightening serum is a key step in achieving radiant skin, regardless of your skin type or tone. It helps to minimize fine lines, reduces sun damage, and evens and brightens your skin tone overall. Apply two or three pumps of serum into your palm and rub your hands together to warm up the solution.  Press the serum onto your face, beginning with your nose and working outward. Although it’s a natural instinct to do so, don’t rub the solution into your skin. It should sink in naturally, which will typically take three to five minutes.

These steps make up the perfect morning skincare routine. Although it seems in-depth, once you get into the groove of it, it’ll seem like second nature!

Your Daytime Skin Care Routine

To keep your skin glowing, you’ll need to keep up your routine throughout the day. Don’t worry, these tips are quick and easy, but they make a big difference.

#1. Hydration

It can be tempting when you’re at work to sip on coffee, Diet Coke, and not much else, but keeping hydrated has a range of benefits, one of them being a glowing complexion! Dehydration can lead to dullness, dry skin, and even gnarly breakouts. Make sure you are drinking recommended eight cups of water for fantastic skin.

#2. Wear SPF

Even if you’re not planning on spending time in the sun, you should protect your skin with an SPF every day. Whether you’re moisturizer or makeup contains an SPF of 15 or higher, it will aid in keeping your skin healthy and happy. UV rays are the culprit behind skin damage and protecting yourself against the sun on a daily basis can help you retain the youthful glow you aim for!

#3. Avoid touching your face

One of the worst things you can do for your skin throughout the day is touch your face. Think about all of the things you touch. Spreading that bacteria to your face will clog pores, plus it’s sure to transfer oils from your fingers to your face. Excess oil and bacteria are two of the leading causes of acne, and touching leads to both factors. Although it’s hard, avoid touching as much as possible throughout the day.

#4. Skip the sweets

Celebrating a holiday or birthday in the office? Your skincare routine may make you want to skip the treats! A low-glycemic diet containing an abundance of vegetables, whole grains, and limited processed sugars can reduce breakouts. On the other hand, sugary foods and processed products alike cause insulin levels to spike, creating a hormonal surge that, oftentimes, lead to blemishes. Providing your body with the right nutrition all day long is a key step in any skincare routine.

Okay, maybe one piece of chocolate wouldn’t be so bad.

Your Nighttime Skin Care Routine

A nighttime routine is just as important as a morning routine. After all, it’s your last chance of the day to make a positive impact on your complexion. Below, we lay out the steps to a stellar nighttime routine to support a healthy glow.

#1. Take off makeup

Stripping your face of makeup is such a great feeling! Use a liquid makeup removing solution or wipes specific to the cause to take face and eye makeup off. Leaving it on can result in clogged pores, breakouts, eye irritation, or the development of styes.

#2. Cleanse

That’s right! The end of the day means another round of cleansing. Use your gentle face cleanser, lukewarm water, and a cleansing brush (if you have one) to rinse the day off. This rids your pores of any dirt and oil that built up throughout the day.

#3. Moisturize thoroughly

Applying a thick layer of moisturizer is the last step of a nighttime skincare routine. The consistency of a nighttime moisturizer will be thick, helping to leave skin soft and supple. The ideal moisturizer contains antioxidants and vitamins C and A.

Tips For Different Skin Types

Of course, in every individual’s routine, there’s room for variation. This largely depends on your skin tone and any challenges you face regularly with your complexion.

Dry skin

If you have dry skin, it can be frustrating to try to give your complexion the moisture it needs only for nothing to work. In this case, avoid scrubs and foaming cleansers and look for a product with hyaluronic acid, as that is a substance that helps the skin maintain moisture. Also ramp up your water intake to help combat this issue.

Oily skin

If you have the opposite issue, you’ll need to use specific products to aid in balancing your skin’s moisture levels. Many times, an over-production of oil occurs due to the use of too many harsh or drying products. To combat this, use a gentle cleansing oil that will leave your skin feeling moisturized rather than tight and dry.

Uneven skin tone

When you’re looking to even out your skin tone, you’ll want to slightly tweak your skincare routine. Here, use a serum that contains either fruit acids or lactic acids to smooth your skin as well as a brightening serum that has anti-aging properties. These products should be used as a part of your morning skincare routine.

Sensitive skin

Finally, for those with sensitive skin, adjustments to the routine are required for optimal results. Opt for a gentle cleanser that is not perfumed at all, as that could irritate skin. Those with sensitive skin may want to consider skipping toner in their routine, as it may prove to be too harsh or can make skin too dry.

No matter what your skin type or tone, building a skincare routine is important. Having glowing skin inspires confidence, so the investment in a glowing complexion is a good one. Once you start your routine, give it time to start working and, most importantly, remain committed to following it to ensure that you see the results you’re looking forward to!

Razor bumps, a skin condition that is clinically known as Pseudofolliculitis barbae, can occur on virtually any part of your body where hair is shaved, tweezed, or waxed. If you get razor bumps, you’ll definitely know it because of the cluster of painful, itchy bumps that will form on the shaved area.

For men, razor bumps on your neck is especially irritating. Shaving your neck is tricky enough, and when you don’t have a professional barber it takes practice to get the perfect shave. That’s why with the the right pre-shave preparation, shaving technique, and post-shave process are important steps to take to avoid razor bumps now and in the future.

Razor Bumps on Your Neck and Why You Have Them

So, what exactly are razor bumps? Razor bumps, otherwise known as ingrown hairs, are little bumps that can form on your skin after you shave. The condition occurs when hair stands curl downwards and grow into the surface of your skin. This leads to irritation as well as pimples. A skin irritation, razor bumps can leave you with a burning sensation and can look like a rash. In addition to being itchy and even painful, outbreaks are also visually unappealing. When you see razor bumps, here are the top questions to ask yourself that may determine the cause.

Did you take a warm shower prior to shaving?

One of the things you should be doing before you lather up and shave is take a warm shower. The reason this is critical is that the warm water not only will soften up your pores, but also will remove the dust from your pores, which will make for a better shave. Since men tend to have smaller pores than women, you should shower long enough for the warm water to work its magic.

Are you exfoliating regularly?

When it comes to shaving, exfoliating regularly is critical. Exfoliating is a process that helps to remove dead skin cells. You can exfoliate by buying products from your local drug store that come in the form of face scrubs that you apply to your face and neck, rub in, and wash off. If you fail to exfoliate, you might end up shaving over matted down facial hair that can compromise the effectiveness of your shave and potentially lead to razor bumps on your neck.

Do you use the same razor for too long?

If you’re like many men, you use the same razor for far too long. You need a nice, sharp blade to get a smoother shave and to avoid razor bumps on neck problems. A sharp blade will be able to get close to your skin and cut your hair cleanly without causing skin irritation, while a dull blade will require you to make multiple swipes to achieve the same result. The problem is that the multiple swipes with a dull blade can increase your odds of getting razor bumps on your neck.

Are you applying too much force on your razor while shaving?

When it comes to shaving, sometimes less is more. So, let the razor do its work and ease up on the force you apply when shaving. In fact, pressing down too hard might leave you with cuts or even razor bumps on neck issues.

Do you remember to wash your neck with cold water post-shave?

It’s important after you shave to wash your neck and face with cold water. This is a particularly necessary step if you have prior experience with razor bumps. Razor bumps occur when bacteria finds itself into your pores and causes inflammation. But with cold water, your pores will close, prevent bacteria from getting in, and safeguard you from getting razor bumps.

Dealing with the Appearance and Irritation of Razor Bumps on Your Neck

In addition to itchiness and painfulness, razor bumps are also unsightly in appearance. So, how can you address this problem? You can use a product that reduces the appearance of ingrown hair, razor bumps, and redness from shaving. Be sure to use a product daily if you notice redness or irritation after you shave.

No one wants to deal with razor bumps on necks problems, but it is nonetheless a very common issue for many men who shave. If you go about things the right way, you can potentially avoid this annoying skin irritation. Fortunately there are simple solutions if you experience razor bumps in order to get the situation under control.

While the most popular gifts are jewelry, flowers and candy, relaxing bath and body products make great gift ideas for all women. What’s not to love? From spa accessories that help her enjoy a nice long bath to skin lightening creams that help her complexion glow, she’ll be reminded to treat herself.

Check out these bath, body and beauty treatments for a truly indulgent Valentine’s Day that she will never forget!

Bath Bombs

Of course, bath bombs are a must-have for the most relaxing bath experiences. Some bath bombs fizz and others release color and sparkles into the bath. Looking for something truly unique? Some bath bombs even release petals into the water.

You can find almost any type of bomb you want and, yes, you also can make your own bombs! If you really love to DIY or need a gift idea that may be easy to include the kids, try this bath bomb recipe by Wellness Mama.

Scented Lotions or Soaps

The craze for scented lotions and shower gels has never really subsided. Everyone has their own signature scent, though, and this can make buying the right product a bit tricky if the mom in your life already has her go-tos.

If you share a bathroom, you probably know the scents she loves. Another way to get out of the scent conundrum is to purchase a bath set that includes multiple fragrances. She might not like every product, but the fun is trying out different fragrances.

Shaving Sets

Shaving sets make a practical but still pampering gift. Sets usually include a high-end razor and luxurious creams as well as moisturizing after-shave products. You also can create your own shave set made up of her favorite products; buy a large gift basket and fill it with bath and shaving products as well as cozy slippers and/or a monogrammed bath robe.

Aromatherapy

Aromatherapy may be just what the busy mom in your life needs to help relax after a long day, or get her second wind for an afternoon between meetings and soccer games. Create an apothecary gift basket filled with a selection of bath oils. Don’t worry about favorite scents for this gift; you should include a variety of oils that offer many benefits. Citrus is invigorating, lavender is calming, and lemongrass oil also may uplift.

Cosmetics & Beauty Products

For women who love cosmetics and beauty products, you may choose gifts that help her complexion sparkle! Create a cosmetic themed gift basket featuring unicorn (or rainbow) highlighters, contouring cosmetics and beauty products that help lighten sun spots and brighten the complexion and, of course, mix in favorite lipsticks, shadows and more! If you’re unsure which shades or hues to select, choose products that are universally flattering. Think tinted lip balms that help soothe dry lips, neutral palettes and brightening serums that work for all complexions.

Valentine’s Day will be here soon, so it’s time to start planning! Flowers and chocolates are  must-have gifts (as is the perfect Valentine), but this is the ultimate holiday for pampering products for moms who need more than romance. Bath bombs, scented lotions, essential oils and beauty products all make luxe gifts that will help her unwind, relax and feel appreciated!

Whether you’re jetting off for a beach vacation, preparing for a beautiful summer day, or going to be soaking in a hot tub to escape a cold winter’s night, tending to your bikini area is an absolute must!

However, doing so can pose an array of issues: the growth of ingrown hairs, razor bumps or burns, and even nasty infections. It goes without saying that these issues are unpleasant to deal with, especially in such a sensitive area. Luckily, we’ve compiled the ultimate list of tips to help make this process more pleasant and painless!

#1. Use a quality razor

If you’ve been using a cheap razor, you may want to splurge on something of better quality in order to take better care of your bikini line. Since this skin is so delicate, it’s incredibly important to use the best razor you can, and one in great condition, too. Opt for a razor with more blades, as those equipped with a higher quantity of blades outputs more pressure, making it possible for each blade to cut with less force yet a greater effect.

Throw out your disposable razors after a few uses in order to ensure that you’re blades are sharp and that your razor is clean to help you avoid unwanted infection. Razors with soothing strips also help to keep this area smooth and comfortable.

#2. Take time to prepare the area

If you haven’t shaved in a while (no judgement here!), start by using manicure scissors to trim the hair before you use a razor on this skin. The hair should be approximately a quarter of an inch long.

The next preparatory step is to soak your bikini area in warm water for about ten minutes. The reason for this precaution is to protect against post-shave razor burn as a nice soak will help soften the outermost layer of skin, making hair removal more seamless and cut down on irritation. Once you’re done soaking, pat your bikini area completely dry with a clean towel. Then, exfoliate the area with a washcloth or exfoliating scrub to remove dead skin.

#3. Rinse after your shave

Many people forget to take measures after they shave to protect their bikini area from razor burn, ingrown hairs, and irritation. Once you’ve shaved, rinse the area well and hold a cold compress to the area for about ten minutes. This helps mitigate the risk of irritation before it even has a chance to begin.

#4. Moisturizer and other over-the-counter skin products

Just like we moisturize the other parts of our bodies after a shower, moisturize your bikini area after grooming. Use an unscented and alcohol-free moisturizer to both sides of your bikini line to prevent skin from becoming dry and irritated. There are also over-the-counter skin products that moisturize as well as reduce the appearance of ingrown hairs–a must-have for bikini season!

#5. Wear the right bottoms

Once you get out of the shower, the underwear you choose to wear makes a difference in the way your skin will heal. Instead of opting for a lacy, tight thong, instead opt for looser pair of soft, cotton undies that are devoid of elastic around the leg openings. This allows skin to breathe more easily, recovering from shaving and preventing those pesky ingrown hairs.

#6. Don’t shave right away

When you hop into the shower, it can be tempting to get your grooming needs out of the way first thing. However, your skin needs hydration. Instead, go through the entirety of your regular bathing routine and save shaving for last. This allows hairs to be adequately hydrated and softened before you go through the process, cutting down on the potential for skin irritation.

We put our skin through a lot on a daily basis, but ladylike grooming doesn’t need to cause our bikini area angst! Follow these tips for a more blissful grooming experience and treat this delicate area with the sensitivity it needs to properly heal. This will result in it looking and feeling great after every shave!

Skin glow, clear complexion, and even skintone can all add to a healthy level of self-esteem. And, perhaps more notably, the absence of that highly-coveted glow could do just the opposite, catalyzing a self-conscious attitude and even a poor body image.

Skin pigmentation disorders, in all of their various forms, can certainly be the source of low-self esteem surrounding one’s complexion. We’re informing you on some of the most common of these disorders below, as well as how they’re characterized, caused, treated, and potentially prevented.

Skin Problems and Self-esteem

According to Psychology Today, skin issues and disorders can commonly lead to psychological distress.

The American Academy of Dermatology stated that major depression is one of the main results of chronic skin disorders, with this depression even leading to suicidal thoughts in some. Other findings point to skin issues leading to social withdrawal, anger, frustration, and a general lack of confidence. Clearly, the appearance and health of our skin has a large effect on our happiness, emotional and psychological stability, and overall demeanor.

Because skin pigmentation disorders in nature can be quite noticeable when it comes to physical appearance, they are prone to affecting one’s self esteem in a significant way.

What are Skin Pigmentation Disorders?

The color of our skin is due to a brown pigment called melanin, produced by skin cells called melanocytes. Melanocytes are located in the innermost of the five layers of the epidermis.  The coloration of our epidermis is completely dependent on the amount of melanin present in the skin. This means that those who have a naturally pale complexion produce less melanin and those with darker skin produce higher levels of it.

Skin pigmentation disorders have an effect on the color of one’s skin, which is oftentimes caused by melanocytes becoming damaged and having a negative effect on melanin production.

These disorders may affect the entire body or they could be isolated to only patches of skin on the body. Furthermore, pigmentation disorders could be something that someone is born with, or they can be developed over time due to a range of external factors. These include taking certain medications, environmental influences, the suffering of other skin disorders like dermatitis or eczema, and other factors.

There are a wide range of skin pigmentation disorders, all caused by different factors, affecting the skin’s appearance and health differently, and requiring different treatment.

Melasma: Dark Skin Patches

With more than 200,000 diagnosed U.S. cases of this skin pigmentation disorder each year, it is extremely common. This disorder causes brown to gray-brown patches on the skin, most commonly on the face. It most regularly affects women, with men only accounting for 10 percent of melasma sufferers. Those with darker skin, such as individuals of Latin or Hispanic, African American, Middle Eastern, or Mediterranean descent, are more likely to contract melasma. This disorder is also more common for individuals who possess a blood relative that suffer from the issue.

Most people with melasma possess symptoms on their cheeks, the bridge of their nose, on their forehead, their chin, and above their upper lip. While these spots are most usual, Melasma can also appear on other parts of the body, such as the forearms and neck.

There are several factors known to trigger melasma. First, sun exposure can cause this issue as ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun stimulates melanocytes, prompting the disorder. Another common cause is a change in hormones, which explains why pregnant women may experience this issue. If that is the case, it is referred to as “chloasma”, meaning, “the mask of pregnancy”. Similarly, birth control pills can trigger this disorder. Finally, if a particular skin care products irritates the skin, it can worsen the condition.

Melasma can be treated in a variety of ways, if it needs to be treated at all. When caused by pregnancy or birth control pills, this condition will typically fade on its own, not requiring intervention. However, when that is not the case, over-the-counter products or dermatologists can intervene.

Vitiligo: The Loss of Pigmentation

Known to plague about one percent of the world’s population, vitiligo is a skin condition where patches of skin lose their pigmentation completely, resulting in lighter patches on the body. Here, melanocytes are attacked and destroyed, resulting in a typically distinct pale stretch of skin.

While this disorder affects individuals of all ethnic origins as well as both sexes, it’s more obviously noticed on darker skin tones. This condition is hereditary for one third of those who suffer from it. More than half of the patients who suffer from this disease notice it on their skin before they reach 20 years of age.

Skin affected by vitiligo fails to turn “tan” in the sun, and it most commonly originates on the hands, feet, or face, getting worse over time. Vitiligo is known to appear in spots that were previously injured or that endured sunburn.

The exact cause of this disorder is unknown, although it’s widely believed to be an autoimmune disorder where white blood cells direct the destruction of melanocytes. One reason for this speculation is because research shows that those with this disorder are more predisposed to other autoimmune diseases.

While this disorder does not directly affect one’s physical health, it is known to have an affect on an individual’s psychological well-being due to how noticable it is in its appearance. Vitiligo cannot be cured quickly, although treatments are available that are likely to reduce symptoms over time. In an effort to restore the skin’s regular skin color in affected areas, steroid and anti-inflammatory creams are typically prescribed by a physician. Although it’s less common, surgical procedures are sometimes performed in an effort to reduce the effects of vitiligo.

Solar Lentigines: Freckles Caused by the Sun

This skin pigmentation disorder is extremely common, affection three million Americans annually. Also known as sun-induced freckles, this disorder causes dark, hyperpigmented lesions that are caused by UV light. These lesions may appear individually or they can occur in multiples. Solar lentigines are usually indicative of excessive sun exposure.

This condition is most frequent in older adults, most commonly in those who tend to sunburn easily and don’t usually have skin that turns “tan” in the sun. However, children are also at risk for this skin disorder. These lesions are easily recognizable as they appear as well-defined, light brown to black flat spots on the skin.

This condition can be easily prevented by avoiding sunlight, particularly during its strongest hours, which are midday, from ten in the morning to three in the afternoon. Individuals can also protect themselves by wearing sun protective clothing and applying SPF 30 or higher sunscreen on a normal basis.

Although these lesions may be unsightly, they don’t propose a health risk that requires medical care unless they are cosmetically bothersome or become raised. This condition can be treated by a physician freezing the area lightly with liquid nitrogen or by using prescription bleaching cream (hydroquinone), although the latter method is commonly not successful.

Keeping Your Skin Pigment Healthy

While not all skin pigmentation disorders are preventable, understanding their symptoms and causes make it easier to work against them where possible and to recognize them on yourself. And although sometimes even our best efforts against these disorders still leads to their development, you can take certain precautionary measures to protect your skin pigment.

Do this by practicing a regular skincare regime with quality products, eating a diet rich in antioxidants, wearing SPF 30 or above sunscreen on a daily basis, and wearing sunglasses when you’re exposed to the sun. Visit your dermatologist on an annual basis or when you notice any changes in skin markings, moles, birthmarks, or freckles.

Although true beauty comes from within, healthy skin has a large effect on our psyche, as we learned above. Taking care of our skin certainly takes a great deal of work, dedication, and education surrounding what it needs to stay healthy. However, it is well worth the effort, as a flawless complexion and clear skin across the board have the ability to grant us the confidence we crave to feel comfortable inside and out!

Taking care of our skin is one of the best investments we can make in ourselves and our bodies. Our skin is responsible for giving us our all-around glow, or sometimes, unfortunately—or lack thereof. One factor that can frequently contribute to losing our skin’s luster is sun spots.

While the debut of sunspots can sometimes prompt the thought that your skin is beyond repair, there are ways to reduce their appearance and to brighten your skin overall. In today’s post, we’re discussing the prevention of sunspots altogether, what factors contribute to their creation, and how to treat them with the best skin brightening serum.

Factors that Cause Sunspots

Sun Exposure

The most common factor that prompts sun spots on the skin is sun and UV ray exposure. These spots are the result of ultraviolet light from the sun causing a change to your skin’s natural pigmentation. While many of us love sitting in the sun, enjoying time at the beach, or soaking up rays as we enjoy the great outdoors, this can unfortunately be the culprit behind those pesky spots, especially if the appropriate protection is not worn. Note that artificial UV rays, produced in tanning beds, can also cause these spots.

Aging

Aging is another factor that plays a role in the development of sunspots. This is due to the fact that aging skin is not as capable of repairing damage. Furthermore, melanin—which is the dark pigment that provides our skin with its color—clumps together more frequently to form patches of light to dark brown colored skin.

Reduce the Appearance of Sunspots With a Skin Brightening Serum

Skin brightening serums are more effective in clearing the skin of sunspots, as opposed to covering the spots with foundation or looking for natural remedies that may not be long lasting.

The best way to even out the look of your skin after the formation of sunspots is to use a skin brightening serum that can dramatically brighten your skin and even out your skin tone.  Use a serum that acts as a gentle exfoliant and that is rich in ingredients such as sopropyl alcohol, cyclomethicone, and salicylic acid. Products with chromabright are proven to be safer for your skin than hydroquinone or mercury. Apply this serum twice a day to clean skin, and in about eight weeks, you’ll be able to see an improvement in skin tone.

Prevent Sunspots

The best cure for sun spots is to prevent them altogether. You may be thinking that’s easier said than done, but there are actually simple measures that can be taken to protect your skin from developing these imperfections.

Use SPF

Using SPF everyday, regardless of whether you’re going to be sitting out in the sun is one of the most important things you can do for your skin. Use a sunscreen or makeup product with an SPF of 30 or higher to prevent harm from UV rays. Put simply, SPF provides a layer of protection between your skin and the rays of the sun.

Wear Sunglasses

Your sunglasses are good for more than just style as they can actually help to prevent the appearance of sunspots. Sunnies protect the very sensitive skin around your eyes from harmful UV rays, so wear them whenever you’re outside to minimize damage.

Keep Skin Cool

Keeping your skin as cool as a cucumber helps to prevent the appearance of sunspots. This is because overheated skin increases melanin activity and redness. Keep skin at a cooler temperature by placing skincare products in the fridge before use to provide a cooling effect, especially after you’ve been outdoors. Also, frequently use gel-based masks that can be placed in the fridge before use.

Treating sun spots has never been easier, and a skin brightening serum can make a big difference in the appearance of these imperfections. In conjunction with taking preventive measures and protecting your skin from the sun every day, using the best skin brightening serum will make a big difference in the overall luminosity and evenness of your skin!

With the new year comes New Year’s resolutions. Last year, the most popular resolution focused on getting healthy. But good health isn’t limited to our weight, diet, or exercise habits. The truth is, our health affect our skin. What we eat, drink, or stress about can directly help or hurt our body’s largest organ.

Whether or not you make a resolution (and keep it), use the New Year to focus on skin health and wellness.  The weather, stress, fatigue and other factors greatly influence the appearance of our skin. While some factors may be out of your control (like hereditary skin conditions), there are many ways to change up your habits to improve the health of your skin.

Nurturing skin in the right ways can keep you looking younger, decrease dark spots and improve the way your skin looks and feels all year long.

Use Sunscreen.

Never, ever underestimate the power of sunscreen. If you’re outside in the sun, your exposed skin should be slathered in sunscreen. Yes, this even includes the winter months. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30. A great sunscreen will protect your skin from sun damage including hyperpigmentation and skin cancer. So don’t hold back!

Moisturize.

The dry weather of winter depletes our skin of moisture, and, really, no one likes scaly dry cracking hands. They hurt, and dry skin tends to highlight wrinkles. Moisturize your skin after you shower or bathe to lock in hydration (check out our product that is waterproof, perfect for post-showers and dry skin).  Want a natural moisturizer? Try coconut oil, just be cautious about using this oil on the face as it may clog pores.

Brighten up.

Want a brighter complexion? Use products that help reflect light like illuminating cosmetics or brightening creams, serums or toners. Skin brighteners are perfect for evening out skin tone and correcting blemishes.

Use Lip Balm.

Don’t forget the skin on your lips! Nothing is worse than dry chapped lips. And please don’t lick them…this makes dryness worse. The Mayo Clinic recommends using a balm with sunscreen. There are many balms on the market, and some are even tinted so they can double as a lipstick.

Stay Hydrated.

Yes, a great moisturizer keeps skin smooth and hydrated, but you also shouldn’t underestimate the power of water. Our skin also can dry out when our body needs hydration. Make sure you’re drinking plenty of fluids during the day and water always remains the best choice.

Mind the Razor.

Shaving can irritate the skin, especially if you rush through the process. Use a moisturizing shave gel, cream or soap and never dry shave. If you notice bumps, razor burn or ingrown hairs, use an over-the-counter product with great reviews that can reduce the appearance of redness. Always use a moisturizer after shaving!

Manage Stress.

Stress can exacerbate acne. If you’re suffering from a breakout, try to manage stress to keep acne from worsening. To help manage stress at home, try meditation, yoga or even go for a run.

Beware of Counterfeit Cosmetics.

As high-end cosmetic brands are earning great reputations for their formulas, colors and product offerings, beauty counterfeiters have emerged with packaging that looks like the real thing at a fraction of the price. The problem? The products are NOT the real thing and may contain harmful chemicals and ingredients. If the price for a name-brand product looks too good to be true, it probably is.

Get Some Sleep

Sleep deprivation may leave skin looking not so good. Sleep allows the body to make more collagen, which is gives skin its elasticity. Sleep deprivation may lead to more wrinkles, and, of course, we all know that sleepy eyes look droopy, dark and puffy. Do your skin a favor, and head to bed on time!

Now that 2018 is here, resolve to nurture your skin. Embrace products to brighten and moisturize, and adopt a healthier lifestyle. Simple changes can start with a resolution today, and end up being your lifestyle in the years to come.

For the Uvari of Southern India, shaving is an act of devotion. Throughout the year, they participate in a series of rituals, known as asanam, that include fasting, sacrifice of a goat or chicken, shaving one’s head, and feeding thirteen poor people. The Uvari believe that these rituals will ultimately pay off in the form of healing, perhaps in sickness for a loved one. Before you assume shaving one’s head as an act of devotion is far outside the religions you’re familiar with, the Uvari are Catholics.

The Uvari approach to shaving is just one of many hundreds of unique and unusual shaving rituals practiced by cultures throughout the world today and in history. Let’s take a closer look at the many ways people have chosen to shave through the centuries:

The First to Shave: The Cro Magnon Man

In the earliest cave painting from tens of thousands of years ago, most men are depicted with beards, but not all. In fact, archaeologists have found clean-shaven men as well. But were these paintings merely imaginative?

Archaeological digs have unearthed sharpened edges of flint, sharks’ teeth, and clam shells that forensic study indicates were used by the earliest humans to shave their beards. Medical and cultural anthropologists have concluded that the reasons for shaving were not necessarily cosmetic or religious: Early Man shaved to keep his face free of vermin and disease.

A New Social Status: Ancient Egypt

During the early period of Ancient Egypt, men grew out their beards. Noble or royal Egyptian men would even braid their beards and decorate them with gold powder. The few Egyptian luminaries who shaved at all would still keep a moustache. We know this in part from depictions on death masks, mummies, and murals of the period.

But shaving eventually grew in popularity as Ancient Egyptian civilization developed. Egyptian culture came to view excess hair as a visual reminder of man’s natural origins. Status meant breaking with appearances and reaching for higher—even heavenly—aspirations. Egyptian men began shaving everything: heads, faces, armpits, legs, and more.

Noble Egyptian men kept full-time barbers on staff. Daily shaving was a necessity to maintain appearances. Beards and body hair meant lower social status. The more wealth you possesed, the more often you would visit skilled barbers for the complete treatment.

The complete treatment. What does that mean exactly? The Greek historian Herodotus wrote extensively about Egyptian shaving practices, claiming that Egyptian priests and other religious figures were so thorough that they even plucked out their eyebrows and lashes every other day.

Of course the most grandiose hair removal rituals were reserved for the Pharaoh and his family. Royal barbers shaved their exclusive clients with special razors studded with jewels and blessed by high priests. When the Pharaoh was buried with his servants and worldly possessions in the Pyramids, you can bet his barber and jewel-encrusted razor went along for the ride into the afterlife.

Men and Beards: Ancient Greece

In Ancient Greece, shaving was more relaxed as far as social status. The Greeks saw beards as a sign of manhood and wisdom. During puberty, boys who began growing whiskers were celebrated in religious rituals dedicated to the sun god Apollo.

However, Greeks did not embrace hair free of cosmetic improvement. Fashionable Greek men had their beards trimmed, shaped, and oiled all the time. Greek men would even shave their beards entirely in periods of grief and mourning in the wake of a relative’s death.

Because the streets didn’t overflow with razors (unlike Ancient Egypt), grief-stricken Greek man scrambled to find a shaving implement. When it took too long to find one, they would just tear out their own beard with their bare hands. The really crazy ones even burned off their beards with fire.

The Ancient Greeks exhibited some other weird beard behavior too. Beard cutting was a severe type of punishment, especially for the military. This was known as being “de-bearded.” Spartans would shave off half the beard of any soldier they deemed to be a coward. On death, a man’s face would be shaved before burial, and his relative would hang the beard trimmings on the door of his house.

The beard obsession did not last for eternity. Alexander the Great changed Greek culture forever when he took a stand against beard-pulling during hand-to-hand combat in battle. He felt beard pulling was a waste of time, slowing down his army, which was then advancing rapidly across the known world. Thus he insisted all able-bodied men be shaved using a block of iron with one edge sharpened.

Women Start Shaving: European Renaissance

Shaving in Medieval Europe was limited by resource shortage. Shaving became a status symbol, because it meant one had enough wealth to afford soap to lather the face. At the time, soap was a rare and expensive commodity. Some historians have argued that Roman Catholic monks developed the style of shaving known as tonsure in response to the soap shortage. Tonsure involves shaving the center section of the head while leave the rest of the hair to form a halo around the bald spot.

By the Renaissance, high status women got in on the shaving action. Aristocratic women in Western Europe began frequently plucking their temples, upper foreheads, and eyebrows. Meanwhile, King Henry VIII of England revived the popularity of the beard for men, a development that held throughout the sixteenth century.

The Straight Razor: Early Modern Shaving

A fashionable shaving ritual pioneered by French monarchs in the seventeenth century eventually led to the development of modern shaving technologies. Louis XIII and his son Louis XIV shaved their own heads and wore wigs. France was the most powerful nation in Europe at the time, and the fashion of shaving one’s head to make space for elaborate wigs soon spread to aristocrats across the continent.

The booming demand for frequent head shaving led to the development of the straight razor by French swordsmiths in the 1680s. The straight razor necessitated care, maintenance, and frequent sharpening. Later, the French also developed the modern shaving brush to improve the application of soap lather.

In 1762, French barber Jean-Jacques Perret invented the safety razor. It included a novel L-shaped guard along a side of the blade. This dramatically lowered the rate of accidental cuts and nicks on the head and face of the person being shaved. Powdered wigs became even more popular with the lower costs of shaving, making it easier for full head shaves.

Thanks to all of these weird and wacky shaving rituals, we have the modern shaving tools we use today. While Prince Harry may not be shaving his head before the wedding and our military doesn’t tear out their own hair for a crew cut, shaving is still a practice that has cultural meaning. Whatever your choice–shaving your head, your arms, your legs–make sure to protect your body and use products that protect your skin before and after.

Ever wake up one day with dark spots along your cheeks, wondering how they got there? For women, dark spots or hyperpigmentation is a common problem that can hit at any age. Sensitivity to sunlight, inflammation, and most commonly hormones are the culprits of these dark blotches. While you can take steps to prevent hyperpigmentation, once it’s there it takes more than concealer to get rid of it.

So what’s a girl to do?

Here’s some good news about dark spots. You don’t have to live with them forever! There are ways to lighten dark spots safely and effectively with skin whitening products.

Why Do I Have Hyperpigmentation?

You have hyperpigmentation if an area of the skin is visibly darker than the surrounding skin. The condition can have many causes, but many individuals find that the biggest culprit of skin discoloration is sun exposure. Spots caused by sun exposure may appear anywhere on the body that was exposed to elements, but many of us take notice of the discoloration when it appears on our face.

The sun’s rays wreck our skin. And the result—over time—is hyperpigmentation in the form of little dark blotches. Some call these “sun spots,” but as not all sun-induced discoloration is benign, you should consult with a dermatologist when noticing any new mole or skin changes. Most of us have some degree of sun damage from failing to apply sunscreen, so annual visits to a dermatologist are a must even before worrying about the cosmetic implications.

Preventing Hyperpigmentation and Sun Damage

The American Academy of Dermatology recommends a broad spectrum sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30 to keep sun damage away. While, yes, many of us use sunscreen to protect against skin cancer, sun damage can take many forms–including dark spots or other discoloration. Using a daily broad-spectrum SPF protects the skin from damaging UVA/UVB rays and their harmful effects on the skin. You should use SPF on the face year-round when you’re in the sun, even when it’s chilly!

Hyperpigmentation and Inflammatory Skin Conditions

Although sunlight is the biggest enemy of our skin, certain inflammatory skin conditions like acne, psoriasis or eczema also may cause hyperpigmentation. You might have noticed that the area where a pimple has healed suddenly looks darker—this is a typical case of hyperpigmentation. If your skin has suffered from discoloration after healing from acne or another skin irritation or condition, a good sunscreen can help prevent further discoloration. Skin whitening products also can help reduce the visibility of discoloration and even out skin tone.

Stop Hyperpigmentation with Skin Whitening Products

While these spots aren’t always completely reversible, you can easily brighten your skin tone and even out blemishes. Choose products that are a good fit for your skin type and won’t result in skin damage. (Stay away from skin bleaches!) There are products that may help reduce the look of hyperpigmentation. With daily use on the affect areas, like sun spots, you’ll see a dramatic difference in as little as a week. With continued use, you won’t have to worry about using foundation to cover up your skin.

The Sour Side of DIY

Skin whitening products and cosmetics that help brighten may lessen the appearance of hyperpigmentation and are often the best choice to help reduce (or conceal) discoloration. However, there are some who hope to DIY a solution for their sun spots and skin discoloration. While online resources may suggest at-home treatments, it’s best to use proven products or talk to your doctor.

One common DIY treatment shared on Pinterest encourages the use of lemon juice to lighten dark spots. However, lemon juice can cause the skin to become sensitive to the sun and it may even cause dark spots. The AAD doesn’t list lemons as a recommended lightener. So before you start squeezing lemon slices on your face, talk to a dermatologist first!

While dark spots may be a nuisance, don’t bury your face and hide from the world! Most of us have hyperpigmentation from sun, hormones, age or our genes. There are numerous skin whitening products on the market that you can use to help lighten or brighten. Once you commit to a treatment plan, remember to always protect your skin year round to prevent future dark spots from ruining your day.